This article teaches you how to change resolution and refresh rate in X.Org Server on Ubuntu.
1. Fire up your Ubuntu terminal and run the following command to backup your configuration file
sudo cp /etc/X11/xorg.conf /etc/X11/xorg.conf_backup
2. Reconfigure X.Org
Notice that auto detection of devices works best when X.Org server is not running. Therefore it’s recommended to stop X before reconfiguring this will put you to text only mode / command line:
sudo /etc/init.d/gdm stop
(or kdm for KDE)
You can do the whole X configuration process by entering:
sudo dpkg-reconfigure xserver-xorg
To start Gnome/KDE again:
sudo /etc/init.d/gdm start
(or kdm for KDE)
3. Test configuration without restarting X
sudo xinit -- :2
4. Edit xorg.conf file
sudo nano /etc/X11/xorg.conf
5. Debug using the log file
The log file is at: /var/log/Xorg.0.log, contains lots of invaluable debugging information about what’s going on as Xorg starts. Watch for lines with EE (errors) and WW (warnings).
6. Edit or add HorizSync and VertRefresh lines
Find your monitors manual (manufacturers website and Google are useful).
Look for hozizontal sync and vertical refresh rates, also if bandwidth or maximum dot clock / pixel clock is mentioned, write it down.
Edit xorg.conf and put correct values to your xconf.org’s Monitor section. Something like this:
Section "Monitor"
Identifier "CM752ET"
HorizSync 31-101
VertRefresh 60-160
EndSection
7. Add custom modeline
If you know what your monitor can do, for example 1024×768@75Hz, you can use this page to generate a custom Modeline for you xorg.conf:
online modeline generator
Copy paste the new Modeline to Monitor section (for example):
# 1024x768 @ 75.00 Hz (GTF) hsync: 60.15 kHz; pclk: 81.80 MHzModeline "1024x768_75.00" 81.80 1024 1080 1192 1360 768 769 772 802 -HSync +Vsync
Watch that the hsync is in range with the HorizSync on the same section (in this example the range is 31-101 and this modelines hsync is 60.15, so we’re safe). Also the VertRefresh and the refresh rate you selected (75Hz in this example) should match - in this example VertRefresh is 60-160 and modeline is 75Hz, so that’s all good.
Now you can select the default resolution and colordepth by tweaking the Screen section. It should look something like this:
lSection "Screen"
Identifier "Default Screen"
Device "NVIDIA Corporation NV34 [GeForce FX 5200]"
Monitor "CM752ET"
DefaultDepth 16
SubSection "Display"
Depth 16
Modes "1024x768_75.00"
EndSubSection
EndSection
Monitor name here (CM752ET) matches the Identifier on your Monitor Section. Device line here matches the identifier on your Device section - you get the idea? It ties together some settings for your screen - the graphics card and your monitor. You may have more Subsections here, but only one is needed.
Change the DefaultDepth to what you would want it to be, 16 (65536 colors) or 24 (16M colors). Change the Modes line to match the resolutions you want to use - Depth must match DefaultDepth (here it’s 16).
Save the config. If you’re in X, hit CTRL+ALT+BACKSPACE to restart X (if you’re running logon manager like xdm, kdm or gdm). Change between virtual consoles with CTRL + F1 F2 F3 and so on - your X should be on F7.
Starting the X:
startx OR sudo /etc/init.d/gdm start (in KDE it’s kdm)
If that doesn’t work, try fixing the xorg.conf or get back to your original by copying the backup over your changed one with:
sudo cp /etc/X11/xorg.conf_backup /etc/X11/xorg.conf
When you’re back in X, you can cycle through different modes by pressing CTRL+ALT++ (plus sign on numpad), or go to System->Preferences->Screen Resolution.
8. Adjust position of your screen
Open terminal(Applications->Accessories->Terminal), run xvidtune (type: “xvidtune”), adjust the screen and hit Show-button. You’ll see a line with something like this on the terminal screen:
"1280x1024" 157.50 1280 1332 1492 1728 1024 1025 1028 1072 +hsync +vsync
sudo cp /etc/X11/xorg.conf /etc/X11/xorg.conf_backup
sudo nano /etc/X11/xorg.conf
In Monitor section, add the above line with a prefix “Modeline”, like this:
Modeline "1280x1024" 157.50 1280 1332 1492 1728 1024 1025 1028 1072 +hsync +vsync
There is no need to restart X if you did make the change (hit Apply in xvidtune), but you should test that this new change works. Press ctrl+alt+backspace to restart X. If it doesn’t work, you can copy back the old configuration file using:
sudo /etc/X11/xorg.conf_backup /etc/X11/xorg.conf
To restart X:
sudo /etc/init.d/gdm start